Trastuzumab plus weekly epirubicin and paclitaxel for locally advanced and metastatic breast cancer: Preliminary results of a feasibility-phase II study aimed at cardiotoxicity

A feasibility-phase II study was conducted to assess the cardiotoxicity of weekly trastuzumab, epirubicin, and paclitaxel in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Untreated patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-positive advanced breast cancer received trastuzumab (day 1), and epirubicin (25 mg/m²) and paclitaxel (80 mg/m²) (day 2) on a weekly basis. The rate of patients with left-ventricular ejection fraction (L-VEF) reduction greater than 10% after 12 weeks was the primary end point According to a two-stage model, an initial step with 15 patients was required; after 11 patients without toxicity, a second step with 21 patients was planned. After 255 courses in 15 patients (median treatment weeks: 18), the relative dose intensity was 94.7%. At 12 weeks, three patients (20%) displayed a L-VEF reduction greater than 10%, six and six (40%) patients showed a L-VEF reduction ≤ 10% or no change, respectively. Baseline, -12 weeks, and - 24 weeks median L-VEF was 69% (range 61 -77), 65% (range 60-76), and 65% (range 55-73), respectively. No EKG/cardiac signs were present. Thirteen patients had grade 3 alopecia and two patients had grade 3 asthenia, in the absence of severe hematological toxicity. Objective responses were observed in 11 patients (73.3%, 95% confidence interval 51.0-95.7), with 10 partial. The weekly administration of trastuzumab- epirubicin-paclitaxel is extremely tolerable, also with regard to L-VEF reduction. These results allowed entrance to the second step of the study.