TY - JOUR
T1 - Blood filters in children with COVID-19 and acute kidney injury
T2 - A review
AU - Raina, Rupesh
AU - Sethi, Sidharth Kumar
AU - Chakraborty, Ronith
AU - Singh, Siddhartha
AU - Teo, Sharon
AU - Khooblall, Amrit
AU - Montini, Giovanni
AU - Bunchman, Timothy
AU - Topaloglu, Rezan
AU - Yap, Hui Kim
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors have received no financial support for the creation of this manuscript and have no disclosures to report.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 International Society for Apheresis and Japanese Society for Apheresis.
PY - 2022/6
Y1 - 2022/6
N2 - COVID-19 has challenged the global healthcare system through rapid proliferation and lack of existing treatment resulting in over 180 million cases and 3.8 million deaths since December 2019. Although pediatric patients only comprise 1%–2% of diagnosed cases, their incidence of acute kidney injury ranges from 8.2% to 18.2% compared to 49% in adults. Severe infection, initiated by dysregulated host response, can lead to multiorgan failure. In this review, we focus on the use of various blood filters approved for use in pediatric kidney replacement therapy to mitigate adverse effects of severe illness. Therapeutic effects of these blood filters range from cytokine removal (CytoSorb, HA330, HCO/MCO), endotoxin removal (Toraymyxin, CPFA), both cytokine and endotoxin removal (oXiris), and nonspecific removal of proteins (PMMA) that have already been established and can be used to mitigate the various effects of the cytokine storm syndrome in COVID-19.
AB - COVID-19 has challenged the global healthcare system through rapid proliferation and lack of existing treatment resulting in over 180 million cases and 3.8 million deaths since December 2019. Although pediatric patients only comprise 1%–2% of diagnosed cases, their incidence of acute kidney injury ranges from 8.2% to 18.2% compared to 49% in adults. Severe infection, initiated by dysregulated host response, can lead to multiorgan failure. In this review, we focus on the use of various blood filters approved for use in pediatric kidney replacement therapy to mitigate adverse effects of severe illness. Therapeutic effects of these blood filters range from cytokine removal (CytoSorb, HA330, HCO/MCO), endotoxin removal (Toraymyxin, CPFA), both cytokine and endotoxin removal (oXiris), and nonspecific removal of proteins (PMMA) that have already been established and can be used to mitigate the various effects of the cytokine storm syndrome in COVID-19.
KW - blood filters
KW - COVID-19
KW - CVVHDF
KW - CytoSorb
KW - oXiris
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U2 - 10.1111/1744-9987.13793
DO - 10.1111/1744-9987.13793
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34997670
AN - SCOPUS:85123868536
SN - 1744-9979
VL - 26
SP - 566
EP - 582
JO - Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis
JF - Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis
IS - 3
ER -