At home and on demand mechanical cough assistance program for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

OBJECTIVE: To establish a cost-effective telephone-accessed consultation and mechanical in-exsufflation (MI-E) and manually assisted coughing, oximetry feedback program for 39 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. DESIGN: Rapid access to healthcare consultation and to MI-E was provided to treat episodes of distress as a result of secretion encumbrance not reversed by suctioning and associated with a decrease in oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2) baseline. Avoided hospitalizations, defined by relief of respiratory distress and return of SpO2 baseline to ≥95% by continuous ventilator use and assisted coughing, were recorded. Patient satisfaction was queried at 6 mos, and a cost analysis was performed of continuous vs. on demand MI-E use. RESULTS: Thirty-nine patients made a total of 1661 calls in 7.46 ± 5.8 mos of follow-up. Twenty-seven patients had 66 home care visits by a respiratory therapist for a total time commitment of 89.7 ± 99.3 min/patient/mo. Twelve patients, all ventilator users, were also brought mechanical in-exsufflators for mechanically assisted coughing for 47 respiratory episodes. Thirty hospitalizations were avoided. Seventy-five percent of the patients were extremely satisfied. Mean monthly cost per patient for on-demand telephone consultation, professional home healthcare visits, and MI-E as deemed necessary was €403 ± €420 or 59% less than for continuous MI-E rental. Hospitalization costs were also spared. CONCLUSIONS: An on-demand consult and MI-E access program can avoid hospitalizations for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with significant cost savings.