TY - JOUR
T1 - A meta-analysis of biomarkers related to oxidative stress and nitric oxide pathway in migraine
AU - Neri, Monica
AU - Frustaci, Alessandra
AU - Milic, Mirta
AU - Valdiglesias, Vanessa
AU - Fini, Massimo
AU - Bonassi, Stefano
AU - Barbanti, Piero
PY - 2015/9/10
Y1 - 2015/9/10
N2 - Background Oxidative and nitrosative stress are considered key events in the still unclear pathophysiology of migraine. Methods Studies comparing the level of biomarkers related to nitric oxide (NO) pathway/oxidative stress in the blood/urine of migraineurs vs. unaffected controls were extracted from the PubMed database. Summary estimates of mean ratios (MR) were carried out whenever a minimum of three papers were available. Nineteen studies were included in the meta-analyses, accounting for more than 1000 patients and controls, and compared with existing literature. Results Most studies measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD) showed lower activity in cases, although the meta-analysis in erythrocytes gave null results. On the contrary, plasma levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), an aspecific biomarker of oxidative damage, showed a meta-MR of 2.20 (95% CI: 1.65-2.93). As for NOs, no significant results were found in plasma, serum and urine. However, higher levels were shown during attacks, in patients with aura, and an effect of diet was found. The analysis of glutathione precursor homocysteine and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an NO synthase inhibitor, gave inconclusive results. Conclusions The role of the oxidative pathway in migraine is still uncertain. Interesting evidence emerged for TBARS and SOD, and concerning the possible role of diet in the control of NOx levels.
AB - Background Oxidative and nitrosative stress are considered key events in the still unclear pathophysiology of migraine. Methods Studies comparing the level of biomarkers related to nitric oxide (NO) pathway/oxidative stress in the blood/urine of migraineurs vs. unaffected controls were extracted from the PubMed database. Summary estimates of mean ratios (MR) were carried out whenever a minimum of three papers were available. Nineteen studies were included in the meta-analyses, accounting for more than 1000 patients and controls, and compared with existing literature. Results Most studies measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD) showed lower activity in cases, although the meta-analysis in erythrocytes gave null results. On the contrary, plasma levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), an aspecific biomarker of oxidative damage, showed a meta-MR of 2.20 (95% CI: 1.65-2.93). As for NOs, no significant results were found in plasma, serum and urine. However, higher levels were shown during attacks, in patients with aura, and an effect of diet was found. The analysis of glutathione precursor homocysteine and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an NO synthase inhibitor, gave inconclusive results. Conclusions The role of the oxidative pathway in migraine is still uncertain. Interesting evidence emerged for TBARS and SOD, and concerning the possible role of diet in the control of NOx levels.
KW - Biological markers
KW - blood
KW - case-control studies
KW - meta-analysis
KW - migraine
KW - nitric oxide
KW - oxidative stress
KW - superoxide dismutase
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U2 - 10.1177/0333102414564888
DO - 10.1177/0333102414564888
M3 - Article
C2 - 25573894
AN - SCOPUS:84938770258
SN - 0333-1024
VL - 35
SP - 931
EP - 937
JO - Cephalalgia
JF - Cephalalgia
IS - 10
ER -